Gadolinium, 64 Gd Gadolinium gadoliniyum· Pabaosan (GAD -ə-LIN -ee-əm ) Cingakan petak pérak Bobot atom standar A r, std (Gd) 7002157250000000000♠ 157.25(3)[1] Gadolinium ring tabél périodik
Wilangan atom (Z ) 64 Watek n/a Période période 6 Blok blok-f Konpigurasi éléktron [Xé ] 4f7 5d1 6s2 Éléktron per kulit 2, 8, 18, 25, 9, 2 Cecirén pisik Pase ring STP padet Titik lebur 1585 K (1312 °C, 2394 °F) Titik didih 3273 K (3000 °C, 5432 °F) Kapadetan (nampek s.r. ) 7.90 g/cm3 ri kala éncéh (ring t.l. ) 7.4 g/cm3 Panes fusi 10.05 kJ/mol Panes panguapan 301.3 kJ/mol Kapasitas panes molar 37.03 J/(mol·K) Tekanan uap (kapeték)
P (Pa)
1
10
100
1 k
10 k
100 k
at T (K)
1836
2028
2267
2573
2976
3535
Cecirén atom Paindikan oksidasi 0,[2] +1, +2, +3 (oksida basa tenga) Kaéléktronégatipan skala Pauling: 1.20 Wasa ionisasi ka-1: 593.4 kJ/mol ka-2: 1170 kJ/mol ka-3: 1990 kJ/mol Jeriji atom émpiris: 180 pm Jeriji kovalén 196±6 pm Garis spéktral saking gadoliniumCecirén liyanan Rupa alami primordial Struktur kristal susunan padat héksagon (hcp) Kagelisan swara pales tipis 2680 m/s (ring 20 °C) Ékspansi térmal α poli: 9.4 µm/(m⋅K) (ring 100 °C) Konduktivitas térmal 10.6 W/(m⋅K) Resistivitas listrik α, poly: 1.310 µΩ⋅m bacakan magnétik féromagnétik –paramagnétik transisi ring 293.4 K Karentanan magnétik molar 6999755000000000000♠ +755000 .0× 10−6 cm3 /mol (300.6 K)[3] Modulus Young rup α: 54.8 GPa Modulus Shear rupa α: 21.8 GPa Modulus Bulk rupa α: 37.9 GPa Rasio Poisson rupa α: 0.259 Kakatosan Vickers 510–950 MPa Nomor CAS 7440-54-2 Lelintihan Pangaranan mawit mineral Gadolinite (kaaranin mawit Johan Gadolin ) Panemuan Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac (1880) Isolasi kapertama Lecoq de Boisbaudran (1886) Isotop utama gadolinium
Kategori:Gadolinium | pustaka
Gd:
ring
itung saking C
bina
parihindik
pus
C
1312
—
—
K
1585
1585
0
F
2394
2394
0
présisi maks
0
WD
String Module Error: Target string is empty
dagingan
C: 1312, K: 1585, F: 2394
pabligbagan
Gd:
ring
itung saking C
bina
parihindik
pus
C
3000
—
—
K
3273
3270
3
delta
F
5432
5430
2
delta
présisi maks
0
WD
String Module Error: Target string is empty
dagingan
C: 3000, K: 3273, F: 5432
pabligbagan
Pustaka
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↑ Méija, Juris; et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry . 88 (3): 265–91. doi :10.1515/pac-2015-0305 .
↑ Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce and Pm have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see Cloke, F. Geoffrey N. (1993). "Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides". Chem. Soc. Rev . 22 : 17–24. doi :10.1039/CS9932200017 . and Arnold, Polly L.; Petrukhina, Marina A.; Bochenkov, Vladimir E.; Shabatina, Tatyana I.; Zagorskii, Vyacheslav V.; Cloke (2003-12-15). "Arene complexation of Sm, Eu, Tm and Yb atoms: a variable temperature spectroscopic investigation". Journal of Organometallic Chemistry . 688 (1–2): 49–55. doi :10.1016/j.jorganchem.2003.08.028 .
↑ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics . Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4 .