Boron

Saking Wikipédia
Boron, 5B
boron (β-rhombohedral)[1]
Boron
boron·
Pabaosan/ˈbɔːrɒn/ (BOR-on)
Alotropα-, β-rhombohedral, β-tetragonal (miwah liyanan)
Cingakanselem masawang soklat
Bobot atom standar Ar, std(B)[10.80610.821] konvénsional: 10.81
Boron ring tabél périodik
Hidrogén Hélium
Litium Bérilium Boron Karbon Nitrogén Oksigén Fluorin Néon
Natrium Magnésium Aluminium Silikon Phosfor Urirang Klorin Argon
Potasium Kalsium Skandium Titanium Vanadium Kromium Mangan (datu) Wesi Kobalt Nikel Temaga Séng Gallium Gérmanium Arsenik Sélénium Brom Kripton
Rubidium Strontium Ittrium Zirkonium Niobium Molibdénum Téknésium Ruthénium Rhodium Palladium Pérak Kadmium Indium Timah Antimoni Téllurium Yodium Xénon
Sésium Barium Lanthanum Sérium Praséodimium Néodimium Prométhium Samarium Éuropium Gadolinium Terbium Disprosium Holmium Érbium Thulium Itterbium Lutésium Hafnium Tantalum Tungstén Rhénium Osmium Iridium Platinum Mas Rasa (datu) Thallium Timbal Bismuth Polonium Astatin Radon
Fransium Radium Aktinium Thorium Protaktinium Uranium Néptunium Plutonium Amérisium Curium Berkélium Kalifornium Éinsteinium Fermium Méndelevium Nobélium Lawrénsium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnérium Darmstadtium Roéntgénium Kopernikium Nihonium Flérovium Moskovium Livermorium Ténnessin Oganésson


B

Al
bériliumboronkarbon
Wilangan atom (Z)5
Watekgolongan 13 (golongan boron)
Périodepériode 2
Blok  blok-p
Konpigurasi éléktron[] 2s2 2p1
Éléktron per kulit2, 3
Cecirén pisik
Pase ring STPpadet
Titik lebur2349 K ​(2076 °C, ​3769 °F)
Titik didih4200 K ​(3927 °C, ​7101 °F)
Kapadetan ri kala éncéh (ring t.l.)2.08 g/cm3
Panes fusi50.2 kJ/mol
Panes panguapan508 kJ/mol
Kapasitas panes molar11.087 J/(mol·K)
Tekanan uap
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 2348 2562 2822 3141 3545 4072
Cecirén atom
Paindikan oksidasi−5, −1, 0,[2] +1, +2, +3[3][4] (oksida asam tenga)
Kaéléktronégatipanskala Pauling: 2.04
Wasa ionisasi
  • ka-1: 800.6 kJ/mol
  • ka-2: 2427.1 kJ/mol
  • ka-3: 3659.7 kJ/mol
  • (malih)
Jeriji atomémpiris: 90 pm
Jeriji kovalén84±3 pm
Jeriji Van der Waals192 pm
Garis warna ring pentang spéktrum
Garis spéktral saking boron
Cecirén liyanan
Rupa alamiprimordial
Struktur kristalrombohédron
Rhombohedral crystal structure for boron
Kagelisan swara pales tipis16,200 m/s (ring 20 °C)
Ékspansi térmalβ form: 5–7 µm/(m⋅K) (ring 25 °C)[5]
Konduktivitas térmal27.4 W/(m⋅K)
Resistivitas listrik~106 Ω⋅m (ring 20 °C)
bacakan magnétikdiamagnetic[6]
Karentanan magnétik molar−6.7×10−6 cm3/mol[6]
Kakatosan Mohs~9.5
Nomor CAS7440-42-8
Lelintihan
PanemuanJoseph Louis Gay-Lussac and Louis Jacques Thénard[7] (30 Juni 1808)
Isolasi kapertamaHumphry Davy[8] (9 Juli 1808)
Isotop utama boron
Iso­top Kalimpahan Paruh-idup (t1/2) Mode paluruhan Pro­duk
10B 20% tegteg[9]
11B 80% tegteg[9]
10B 19.1–20.3% madaging ring sampel alami, sareng sisa jyané punika 11B.[10]
Kategori:Boron
| pustaka
Boron

Boron silih tunggil datu kimia antuk simbol B miwah wilangan atom 5. Kaproduksi samian olih spalasi sunar kosmik miwah supernova miwah nénten olih nukléosintésis bintang, inucap datu kaakéhan akedik ring Tata Surya miwah ring kerak gumi.[11] Sawatara 0,001 persén saking bobot kerak gumi.[12]

Pustaka[uah | uah wit]

  1. Van Setten et al. 2007, pp. 2460–1
  2. Braunschweig, H.; Dewhurst, R. D.; Hammond, K.; Mies, J.; Radacki, K.; Vargas, A. (2012). "Ambient-Temperature Isolation of a Compound with a Boron-Boron Triple Bond". Science. 336 (6087): 1420–2. Bibcode:2012Sci...336.1420B. doi:10.1126/science.1221138. PMID 22700924. S2CID 206540959.
  3. Zhang, K.Q.; Guo, B.; Braun, V.; Dulick, M.; Bernath, P.F. (1995). "Infrared Emission Spectroscopy of BF and AIF" (PDF). J. Molecular Spectroscopy. 170 (1): 82. Bibcode:1995JMoSp.170...82Z. doi:10.1006/jmsp.1995.1058.
  4. Melanie Schroeder. Eigenschaften von borreichen Boriden und Scandium-Aluminium-Oxid-Carbiden (PDF) (ring Jerman). p. 139.
  5. Holcombe Jr., C. E.; Smith, D. D.; Lorc, J. D.; Duerlesen, W. K.; Carpenter; D. A. (October 1973). "Physical-Chemical Properties of beta-Rhombohedral Boron". High Temp. Sci. 5 (5): 349–57.
  6. 6,0 6,1 Haynes, William M., ed. (2016). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (édisi ka-97th). CRC Press. p. 4.127. ISBN 9781498754293.
  7. Gay Lussac, J.L.; Thenard, L.J. (1808). "Sur la décomposition et la recomposition de l'acide boracique". Annales de chimie. 68: 169–174. Unknown parameter |name-list-style= ignored (help)
  8. Davy H (1809). "An account of some new analytical researches on the nature of certain bodies, particularly the alkalies, phosphorus, sulphur, carbonaceous matter, and the acids hitherto undecomposed: with some general observations on chemical theory". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. 99: 39–104. doi:10.1098/rstl.1809.0005.
  9. 9,0 9,1 "Atomic Weights and Isotopic Compositions for All Elements". National Institute of Standards and Technology. Kaaksés 2008-09-21.
  10. Szegedi, S.; Váradi, M.; Buczkó, Cs. M.; Várnagy, M.; Sztaricskai, T. (1990). "Determination of boron in glass by neutron transmission method". Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Letters. 146 (3): 177. doi:10.1007/BF02165219.
  11. "Q & A: Where does the element Boron come from?". physics.illinois.edu. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 29 May 2012. Kaaksés 2011-12-04.
  12. "Boron". Britannica encyclopedia.