Boron

Boron, ₅B
	boron (β-rhombohedral)
Boron; boron·
Pabaosan	/ˈbɔːrɒn/ (BOR-on)
Alotrop	α-, β-rhombohedral, β-tetragonal (miwah liyanan)
Cingakan	selem masawang soklat
Bobot atom standar Ar, std(B)	[10.806, 10.821] konvénsional: 10.81
Boron ring tabél périodik
	bérilium ← boron → karbon
Wilangan atom (Z)	5
Watek	golongan 13 (golongan boron)
Période	période 2
Blok	blok-p
Konpigurasi éléktron	[Hé] 2s2 2p1
Éléktron per kulit	2, 3
Cecirén pisik
Pase ring STP	padet
Titik lebur	2349 K (2076 °C, 3769 °F)
Titik didih	4200 K (3927 °C, 7101 °F)
Kapadetan ri kala éncéh (ring t.l.)	2.08 g/cm3
Panes fusi	50.2 kJ/mol
Panes panguapan	508 kJ/mol
Kapasitas panes molar	11.087 J/(mol·K)
Cecirén atom
Paindikan oksidasi	−5, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3 (oksida asam tenga)
Kaéléktronégatipan	skala Pauling: 2.04
Wasa ionisasi	ka-1: 800.6 kJ/mol ; ka-2: 2427.1 kJ/mol ; ka-3: 3659.7 kJ/mol ; (malih) ;
Jeriji atom	émpiris: 90 pm
Jeriji kovalén	84±3 pm
Jeriji Van der Waals	192 pm
	Garis spéktral saking boron
Cecirén liyanan
Rupa alami	primordial
Struktur kristal	rombohédron
Kagelisan swara pales tipis	16,200 m/s (ring 20 °C)
Ékspansi térmal	β form: 5–7 µm/(m⋅K) (ring 25 °C)
Konduktivitas térmal	27.4 W/(m⋅K)
Resistivitas listrik	~106 Ω⋅m (ring 20 °C)
bacakan magnétik	diamagnetic
Karentanan magnétik molar	−6.7×10−6 cm3/mol
Kakatosan Mohs	~9.5
Nomor CAS	7440-42-8
Lelintihan
Panemuan	Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac and Louis Jacques Thénard (30 Juni 1808)
Isolasi kapertama	Humphry Davy (9 Juli 1808)
Isotop utama boron
	10B 19.1–20.3% madaging ring sampel alami, sareng sisa jyané punika 11B.
	Kategori:Boron; cingak; pabligbagan; uah; \| pustaka

Boron

Boron silih tunggil datu kimia antuk simbol B miwah wilangan atom 5. Kaproduksi samian olih spalasi sunar kosmik miwah supernova miwah nénten olih nukléosintésis bintang, inucap datu kaakéhan akedik ring Tata Surya miwah ring kerak gumi.^[11] Sawatara 0,001 persén saking bobot kerak gumi.^[12]

Pustaka

↑ Van Setten et al. 2007, pp. 2460–1
↑ Braunschweig, H.; Dewhurst, R. D.; Hammond, K.; Mies, J.; Radacki, K.; Vargas, A. (2012). "Ambient-Temperature Isolation of a Compound with a Boron-Boron Triple Bond". Science. 336 (6087): 1420–2. Bibcode:2012Sci...336.1420B. doi:10.1126/science.1221138. PMID 22700924. S2CID 206540959.
↑ Zhang, K.Q.; Guo, B.; Braun, V.; Dulick, M.; Bernath, P.F. (1995). "Infrared Emission Spectroscopy of BF and AIF" (PDF). J. Molecular Spectroscopy. 170 (1): 82. Bibcode:1995JMoSp.170...82Z. doi:10.1006/jmsp.1995.1058.
↑ Melanie Schroeder. Eigenschaften von borreichen Boriden und Scandium-Aluminium-Oxid-Carbiden (PDF) (ring Jerman). p. 139.
↑ Holcombe Jr., C. E.; Smith, D. D.; Lorc, J. D.; Duerlesen, W. K.; Carpenter; D. A. (October 1973). "Physical-Chemical Properties of beta-Rhombohedral Boron". High Temp. Sci. 5 (5): 349–57.
↑ ^6,0 ^6,1 Haynes, William M., ed. (2016). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (édisi ka-97th). CRC Press. p. 4.127. ISBN 9781498754293.
↑ Gay Lussac, J.L.; Thenard, L.J. (1808). "Sur la décomposition et la recomposition de l'acide boracique". Annales de chimie. 68: 169–174. Unknown parameter |name-list-style= ignored (help)
↑ Davy H (1809). "An account of some new analytical researches on the nature of certain bodies, particularly the alkalies, phosphorus, sulphur, carbonaceous matter, and the acids hitherto undecomposed: with some general observations on chemical theory". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. 99: 39–104. doi:10.1098/rstl.1809.0005.
↑ ^9,0 ^9,1 "Atomic Weights and Isotopic Compositions for All Elements". National Institute of Standards and Technology. Kaaksés 2008-09-21.
↑ Szegedi, S.; Váradi, M.; Buczkó, Cs. M.; Várnagy, M.; Sztaricskai, T. (1990). "Determination of boron in glass by neutron transmission method". Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Letters. 146 (3): 177. doi:10.1007/BF02165219.
↑ "Q & A: Where does the element Boron come from?". physics.illinois.edu. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 29 May 2012. Kaaksés 2011-12-04.
↑ "Boron". Britannica encyclopedia.

[1] Van Setten et al. 2007, pp. 2460–1

[2] Braunschweig, H.; Dewhurst, R. D.; Hammond, K.; Mies, J.; Radacki, K.; Vargas, A. (2012). "Ambient-Temperature Isolation of a Compound with a Boron-Boron Triple Bond". Science. 336 (6087): 1420–2. Bibcode:2012Sci...336.1420B. doi:10.1126/science.1221138. PMID 22700924. S2CID 206540959.

[3] Zhang, K.Q.; Guo, B.; Braun, V.; Dulick, M.; Bernath, P.F. (1995). "Infrared Emission Spectroscopy of BF and AIF" (PDF). J. Molecular Spectroscopy. 170 (1): 82. Bibcode:1995JMoSp.170...82Z. doi:10.1006/jmsp.1995.1058.

[4] Melanie Schroeder. Eigenschaften von borreichen Boriden und Scandium-Aluminium-Oxid-Carbiden (PDF) (ring Jerman). p. 139.

[5] Holcombe Jr., C. E.; Smith, D. D.; Lorc, J. D.; Duerlesen, W. K.; Carpenter; D. A. (October 1973). "Physical-Chemical Properties of beta-Rhombohedral Boron". High Temp. Sci. 5 (5): 349–57.

[crc97-6] 6,0 ^6,1 Haynes, William M., ed. (2016). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (édisi ka-97th). CRC Press. p. 4.127. ISBN 9781498754293.

[Lussac-7] Gay Lussac, J.L.; Thenard, L.J. (1808). "Sur la décomposition et la recomposition de l'acide boracique". Annales de chimie. 68: 169–174. Unknown parameter |name-list-style= ignored (help)

[Davy-8] Davy H (1809). "An account of some new analytical researches on the nature of certain bodies, particularly the alkalies, phosphorus, sulphur, carbonaceous matter, and the acids hitherto undecomposed: with some general observations on chemical theory". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. 99: 39–104. doi:10.1098/rstl.1809.0005.

[NISTic-9] 9,0 ^9,1 "Atomic Weights and Isotopic Compositions for All Elements". National Institute of Standards and Technology. Kaaksés 2008-09-21.

[10] Szegedi, S.; Váradi, M.; Buczkó, Cs. M.; Várnagy, M.; Sztaricskai, T. (1990). "Determination of boron in glass by neutron transmission method". Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Letters. 146 (3): 177. doi:10.1007/BF02165219.

[11] "Q & A: Where does the element Boron come from?". physics.illinois.edu. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 29 May 2012. Kaaksés 2011-12-04.

[12] "Boron". Britannica encyclopedia.

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