Danu Baikal

Danu Baikal
Danu Baikal
	Danu Baikal
Genah	Sibéria, Rusia
Koordinat	53°30′N 108°0′E / 53.500°N 108.000°E
Tipe danu	Danu kuna, Danu celahan banua
Primary inflows	Selenga, Barguzin, Upper Angara
Loloan utama	Angara
Wewengkon tangkapan toya	560000 km2
Basin saking negara	Mongolia miwah Rusia
Lantang maks.	636 km
Linggah maks.	79 km
Jimbar pamukaan	31722 km2
Rerata dalem	744.4 m (2,442 ft)
Dalem maks.	1642 m
Luang toya	23615.39 km3
Galah meneng	330 warsa
Lantang pasih1	2100 km
Élevasi pamukaan	455.5 m
Beku	Januari–Méi
Nusa	27 (Nusa Olkhon)
Paumahan	Severobaykalsk, Slyudyanka, Baykalsk, Ust-Barguzin
Situs Tetamian Jagat UNESCO
Kritéria	Natural: vii, viii, ix, x
Pustaka	754
Prasasti	1996 (sési ka-20)
Jimbar	8,800,000 ha
	1 Lantang pasisi punika nénten ukuran sané kapastika becik.

Danu Baikal (aksara Bali:danubaikal·; Baikal Lake /baɪˈkɑːl, -ˈkæl/;^[3] Rusia: озеро Байкал, tr. Ozero Baykal; IPA: [ˈozʲɪrə bɐjˈkaɫ]; Buryat: Байгал нуур, Baigal nuur)^[4]) silih tunggil danu celah sané magenah ring kelod Sibéria, ring kalér kauh Rusia, riantara Oblast Irkutsk miwah Républik Buryat ring kelod kangin.

Danu Baikal silih tunggil danu toya tawar pinih ageng mawit volume ipun ring guminé, madaging 22 nganti 23% toya pamukaan gumi.^[5]^[6] antuk 23615.39 km³ toya,^[1] madaging luwih langkung toya saking sinamian gabungan Danu Ageng ring Amérika Kalér.^[7] Antuk jero maksimal ipun 1642 m,^[1] Baikal punika danu pinih jero ring guminé.^[8] Punika pinih ngenah^[9] miwah danu pinih kuna ring guminé,^[10] ring 25–30 yuta warsa.^[11]^[12] Rumasuk danu pinih ageng kepitu ring guminé mawit jimbar pamukaan.

Pustaka

↑ ^1,0 ^1,1 ^1,2 ^1,3 ^1,4 ^1,5 "A new bathymetric map of Lake Baikal. Morphometric Data. INTAS Project 99-1669. Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Consolidated Research Group on Marine Geosciences (CRG-MG), University of Barcelona, Spain; Limnological Institute of the Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russian Federation; State Science Research Navigation-Hydrographic Institute of the Ministry of Defense, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation". Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 25 December 2018. Kaaksés 9 July 2009.
↑ M.A. Grachev. "On the present state of the ecological system of lake Baikal". Limnological Institute, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 20 Agustus 2011. Kaaksés 9 Juli 2009.
↑ "Baikal". Collins English Dictionary.
↑ Dervla Murphy (2007) Silverland: A Winter Journey Beyond the Urals, London, John Murray, p. 173
↑ Schwarzenbach, Rene P.; Philip M. Gschwend; Dieter M. Imboden (2003). Environmental Organic Chemistry (édisi ka-2). Wiley Interscience. p. 1052. ISBN 9780471350538.
↑ Tyus, Harold M. (2012). Ecology and Conservation of Fishes. CRC Press. p. 116. ISBN 978-1-4398-9759-1.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
↑ Bright, Michael, ed. (2010). 1001 natural wonders : you must see before you die. preface by Koichiro Mastsuura (édisi ka-2009). London: Cassell Illustrated. p. 620. ISBN 9781844036745.
↑ "Deepest Lake in the World". geology.com. Kaaksés 18 August 2007.
↑ Jung, J., Hojnowski, C., Jenkins, H., Ortiz, A., Brinkley, C., Cadish, L., Evans, A., Kissinger, P., Ordal, L., Osipova, S., Smith, A., Vredeveld, B., Hodge, T., Kohler, S., Rodenhouse, N. and Moore, M. (2004). "Diel vertical migration of zooplankton in Lake Baikal and its relationship to body size" (PDF). Ring Smirnov, A.I.; Izmest'eva, L.R. (eds.). Ecosystems and Natural Resources of Mountain Regions. Proceedings of the first international symposium on Lake Baikal: The current state of the surface and underground hydrosphere in mountainous areas. "Nauka", Novosibirsk, Russia. pp. 131–140. Kaarsipin saking versi asli (PDF) tanggal 15 June 2011. Kaaksés 9 August 2009.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
↑ "Lake Baikal – A Touchstone for Global Change and Rift Studies". United States Geological Survey. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 29 June 2012. Kaaksés 3 January 2016.
↑ "Lake Baikal – UNESCO World Heritage Centre". Kaaksés 5 October 2012.
↑ "Lake Baikal: Protection of a unique ecosystem". ScienceDaily. 26 July 2017. Kaaksés 16 January 2018.

[INTAS-1] 1,0 ^1,1 ^1,2 ^1,3 ^1,4 ^1,5 "A new bathymetric map of Lake Baikal. Morphometric Data. INTAS Project 99-1669. Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Consolidated Research Group on Marine Geosciences (CRG-MG), University of Barcelona, Spain; Limnological Institute of the Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russian Federation; State Science Research Navigation-Hydrographic Institute of the Ministry of Defense, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation". Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 25 December 2018. Kaaksés 9 July 2009.

[2] M.A. Grachev. "On the present state of the ecological system of lake Baikal". Limnological Institute, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 20 Agustus 2011. Kaaksés 9 Juli 2009.

[3] "Baikal". Collins English Dictionary.

[4] Dervla Murphy (2007) Silverland: A Winter Journey Beyond the Urals, London, John Murray, p. 173

[5] Schwarzenbach, Rene P.; Philip M. Gschwend; Dieter M. Imboden (2003). Environmental Organic Chemistry (édisi ka-2). Wiley Interscience. p. 1052. ISBN 9780471350538.

[6] Tyus, Harold M. (2012). Ecology and Conservation of Fishes. CRC Press. p. 116. ISBN 978-1-4398-9759-1.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)

[7] Bright, Michael, ed. (2010). 1001 natural wonders : you must see before you die. preface by Koichiro Mastsuura (édisi ka-2009). London: Cassell Illustrated. p. 620. ISBN 9781844036745.

[8] "Deepest Lake in the World". geology.com. Kaaksés 18 August 2007.

[Jung2004-9] Jung, J., Hojnowski, C., Jenkins, H., Ortiz, A., Brinkley, C., Cadish, L., Evans, A., Kissinger, P., Ordal, L., Osipova, S., Smith, A., Vredeveld, B., Hodge, T., Kohler, S., Rodenhouse, N. and Moore, M. (2004). "Diel vertical migration of zooplankton in Lake Baikal and its relationship to body size" (PDF). Ring Smirnov, A.I.; Izmest'eva, L.R. (eds.). Ecosystems and Natural Resources of Mountain Regions. Proceedings of the first international symposium on Lake Baikal: The current state of the surface and underground hydrosphere in mountainous areas. "Nauka", Novosibirsk, Russia. pp. 131–140. Kaarsipin saking versi asli (PDF) tanggal 15 June 2011. Kaaksés 9 August 2009.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)

[touchstone-10] "Lake Baikal – A Touchstone for Global Change and Rift Studies". United States Geological Survey. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 29 June 2012. Kaaksés 3 January 2016.

[unesco-11] "Lake Baikal – UNESCO World Heritage Centre". Kaaksés 5 October 2012.

[ScienceDaily2017-12] "Lake Baikal: Protection of a unique ecosystem". ScienceDaily. 26 July 2017. Kaaksés 16 January 2018.

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