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Pati basa

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Aksara Het ring lauh tanah liat
Tigang pamidarta sané kaping untat Magati Ke

Ring linguistik, Pati basa mamargi ritatkala basa kilangan penutur jati, utawi pamuput. Yening cutetang, kepunahan basa mamargi ritatkala basa punika nenten malih kauningin, yadiastun olih penutur basa kaping kalih. Istilah sané lianan sané pateh minakadi pembunuhan basa utawi linguisida,[1] sané marupa padem basa saking panyangkan alam utawi politik lan panyangkan langka glotofagi,[2] sané marupa serapan utawi ngentosin basa alit sareng basa utama.

Pati basa inggih punika pamargi sané ngawinang undagan kawagedan komunitas tutur ring ragam basa ipun sayan rered, pamuputnyane ngawinang nenten wenten penutur asli utawi lancar saking ragam basa punika. Padem basa prasida ngawinang wangun basa napi kemanten, rumasuk dialek. Pati basa nenten dados kabingungang sareng erosi basa (taler kabaos ilangnyane basa), sané nlatarang indik ilangnyane kawagedan ring basa ibu soang-soang.[3]

Ring aab modern (kirang langkung 1500 UE-mangkin; sesampun medalnyane kolonialisme), padem basa ketahnyane sangkaning proses asimilasi budaya sané ngawinang pergeseran basa lan mothergn basa sané katilar saka kidik antuk basa perantara, sané akehan inggih punika basa negara-negara Eropa.[4][5][6]

Ring warsa 2000-an, kirang langkung 7.000 basa asli wenten ring sajebag jagat. Akehnyane basa-basa punika wantah basa-basa sané alit tur sampun punah. Silih tunggil sané kamedalang duk warsa 2004 narka kirang langkung 90% basa sané kaanggen mangkin pacang punah ring warsa 2050.[7][8]

Pustaka

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  1. ↑ Zuckermann, Ghil'ad (June 6, 2012), "Stop, revive and survive", Higher Education, The Australian, kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal June 6, 2012, kaaksés May 10, 2021
  2. ↑ Calvet, Jean-Louis. 1974. Langue et colonialisme: petit traité de glottophagie. Paris.
  3. ↑ Crystal, David (2000) Language Death. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. p. 19
  4. ↑ Byram, Michael; Hu, Adelheid (2013-06-26). Routledge Encyclopedia of Language Teaching and Learning (ring Inggris). Routledge. ISBN 978-1136235535.
  5. ↑ Walt, Christa Van der (2007-05-01). Living Through Languages: An African Tribute to René Dirven (ring Inggris). AFRICAN SUN MeDIA. ISBN 9781920109707.
  6. ↑ Hall, Christopher J.; Smith, Patrick H.; Wicaksono, Rachel (2015-05-11). Mapping Applied Linguistics: A Guide for Students and Practitioners (ring Inggris). Routledge. ISBN 978-1136836237.
  7. ↑ "Study by language researcher, David Graddol". NBC News. 2004-02-26. Kaaksés 2012-03-22. Ian on Friday, January 16, 2009 61 comments (2009-01-16). "Research by Southwest University for Nationalities College of Liberal Arts". Chinasmack.com. Kaaksés 2012-03-22.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link). Ethnologue records 7,358 living languages known,"Ethnologue". Ethnologue. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal October 5, 2001. Kaaksés 2012-03-22. but on 2015-05-20, Ethnologue reported only 7,102 known living languages; and on 2015-02-23, Ethnologue already reported only 7,097 known living languages.
  8. ↑ Graddol, D. (2004-02-27). "The Future of Language". Science. 303 (5662): 1329–1331. Bibcode:2004Sci...303.1329G. doi:10.1126/science.1096546. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 14988552. S2CID 35904484.

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